Introduction to El Nino Phenomenon
What is ‘El Niño’ ? -It is a climatic phenomenon that increases the temperature of the surface of the Pacific Ocean near the equatorial region. This phenomenon occurs in three years up to seven years long intervals. The full name is ‘El Nino Southern Oscillation’ (ENSO).
During the El Nino season, around 1/5th of the earth’s surface area (around the size of European continent), surface of the Pacific Ocean will start becoming warmer considerably. Trade winds that blow from east to west in the Pacific Ocean will either stop or become weak. The winds that blow in the opposite direction will become strong.
Since the surface of the water has become warm, subjective to the push of the winds, a part of the heat will move towards the shores of Peru through water & air. Hence the normally cool coastline of Peru will become hot. Fishes will disappear from the coastal seas. Therefore the brunt of El Nino are first borne by the fishermen of Peru.
Effects of El Nino in Different Countries
This periodic warming phenomenon appears during the Christmas season. Therefore the fishermen of Peru gave the name of ‘El Nino’ which means ‘Infant Jesus’ or ‘small boy’ in Spanish; in the 19th century. Geologists have obtained proofs from the shores of Peru that El Nino phenomenon has occurred around 13000 years back.
Even though it appears in the Pacific Ocean, El Niño has the capacity to change the global climate. This will create worldwide destruction of nature. Those countries that receive rainfall normally will come under the grips of severe drought. Regions that have hot climate will be destined to come under heavy rainfall. Those regions lying west of Pacific Ocean including Philippines & Indonesia will experience more typhoons.
El Nino disturbs the balance of Indian Monsoon. During severe droughts in India that occurred in the last 132 years, disturbing reports regarding the strengthening of El Nino during that period was published on September 8th 2006 in the ‘Science’ magazine. Studies were conducted by a team of people under Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology
The strongest of the El Nino’s occurred in the last century. In the 20th century El Nino occurred 23 times. The most destructive El Nino, in its history, happened during the 1997-1998 period. This El Nino resulted in the death of 2100 people worldwide & a loss of 330 million dollars.
Whats is La Nina(Small girl) ‘Phenomenon
There is an antagonistic phenomenon to El Nino; ‘La Nina’. It means ‘small girl’ in Spanish. This name was given in 1985. When El Nino phenomenon comes to an end, sometimes La Nina will occur. In 20thcentury when El Nino appeared 23 times, 15 times La Nina occurred.
During the times when El Nino occurred there will be heavy rains & related problems while during La Nina season there will be severe draught. Otherwise it will be straight opposite. But, one thing is true. In recent times the pattern & strength of El Nino has increased. The effect of global warming also increased in the last century. Some scientists believe that this is not a coincidence.
The increase of the level of green house gases in the atmosphere is the reason for increasing global warming.When the earth’s atmosphere becomes hot due to global warming, the earth will try to readjust on its own. This readjustment is what appears in the form of El Nino according to certain people.
If that is true, then by solving the problem of global warming only we can reduce the effect of El Nino.
El Nino in full effect
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El Nino and La Nina are phenomenal weather disturbances in the World. Usually occur in 4 - 7 years interval. Last year is La Nina in Philippines and lots of rain that cause 6 - 30 feet in some areas by couple of super typhoons (cyclones or hurricanes), not only in the said country but in the other parts of the world also. La Nina cause landslide, too due to deforestation of some mountains and virgin forests in the world. Thousands of people drowned or being buried alive. Heavy rains cause millions of dollars damages, lack of food and water is a big problem and being trapped in roofs, trees, rooftops, etc. But the wonderful thing is that people are helping each other hands. After the La Nina of excessive water tragedies here comes her counterpart El Nino phenomenon also called the dry spell of long months of no rainfalls at all. Drought is the problems of the farmers with the arrivals of billions black bugs in rice-fields. And destructive coconut beetles that ruin the copra industry. Snakes and serpents are starved and died in the midst of the field looking for cool places. Thanks, to some who knew cloud seeding by using silver iodide and dry ice (frozen carbon dioxide). Being industrious is the key in keeping small crops using water pumps or plant the riverside area. In Utah, 19th century history Latter Day Saints or Mormon Pioneers turned this desert to bloom like a rose. Because of their unity, perseverance and faith they did it. They made Salt Lake City famous and progressive. By 2002 they hosted the 2002 Winter Olympic edition. I love planting in my free time despite of El Nino phenomenon. I do water my plants twice a day. Last year is my first time to saw hail storm or rain of ice in a minute then came a thunderstorm. Global Warming cause by Greenhouse Effect. That stared in time of Industrial Revolution that emitted tons of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, chlorofluorocarbon in atmosphere. Plus the natural volcanic eruptions and weapons of war adds in the thinning of the ozone layer. We can help by tree planting and following some tips on how to prevent global warming. During the dry spell on El Nino some houses, building and forest are accidentally on fire. Our body needs more water and take a bath to prevent illness. Have a great day!
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